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Table 4.1: Precipitation distribution into surface water and groundwater components (by climate region)

  Temperate climate Semi-arid climate Arid climate
% mm % mm % mm
Source: Hydrogeology Center, University Neuchâtel, 2003.
Total precipitation 100 500–1,500 100 200–500 100 0–200
Evaporation /Evapotranspiration ~ 33 160–500 ~ 50 100–250 ~ 70 0–140
Groundwater recharge ~ 33 160–500 ~ 20 40–100 ~ 1 0–2
Surface runoff ~ 33 160–500 ~ 30 60–150 ~ 29 0–60

Source: UNESCO  The United Nations World Water Development Report 2
Section 2: Changing Natural Systems,
Chapter 4, Part 2. Nature, Variability and Availability, p.124

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Other Figures & Tables on this publication:

Table 4.1: Precipitation distribution into surface water and groundwater components (by climate region)

Table 4.2: Selected large aquifer systems with non-renewables groundwater resources

Table 4.3: Water availability information by country (AQUASTAT, FAO 2005)

Table 4.4: Major principal sources and impacts of sedimentation

Table 4.5: Freshwater pollution sources, effects and constituents of concern

Table 4.6: Spatial and time scales within which pollution occurs and can be remediated

Table 4.7: Potential applications for reclaimed water

Figure 4.1: Global distribution of the world’s water

Figure 4.2: Schematic of the hydrologic cycle components in present-day setting

Figure 4.3: Oxygen-18 content of stream water along the main stem of large rivers

Figure 4.4: Variations in continental river runoff through most of the twentieth century (deviations from average values)

Figure 4.5: Typical hydrographs in accordance with climatic settings

Figure 4.6: Acid rain and its deposition processes

Figure 4.7: Five-year mean of the pH level in rainfall in the eastern regions of Canada and the US

Figure 4.8: Primary sources of groundwater pollution

Map 4.1

Map 4.2

Map 4.3: Groundwater abstraction rate as a percentage of mean recharge

Aral Sea