Table TS.9. 2002 Cost ranges for the components of a CCS system as applied to a given type of power plant or industrial source. The costs of the separate components cannot simply be summed to calculate the costs of the whole CCS system in US$/CO2 avoided. All numbers are representative of the costs for large-scale, new installations, with natural gas prices assumed to be 2.8-4.4 US$ GJ-1 and coal prices 1-1.5 US$ GJ-1.

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Table TS.9. 2002 Cost ranges for the components of a CCS system as applied to a given type of power plant or industrial source.
The costs of the separate components cannot simply be summed to calculate the costs of the whole CCS system in US$/CO₂ avoided. All numbers are representative of the costs for large-scale, new installations, with natural gas prices assumed to be 2.8-4.4 US$ GJ^-1 and coal prices 1-1.5 US$ GJ^-1.
CCS system components	Cost range	Remarks
^a Over the long term, there may be additional costs for remediation and liabilities.
Capture from a coal- or gas-fired power plant	15-75 US$/tCO₂ net captured	Net costs of captured CO₂, compared to the same plant without capture.
Capture from hydrogen and ammonia production or gas processing	5-55 US$/tCO₂ net captured	Applies to high-purity sources requiring simple drying and compression.
Capture from other industrial sources	25-115 US$/tCO₂ net captured	Range reflects use of a number of different technologies and fuels.
Transportation	1-8 US$/tCO₂ transported	Per 250 km pipeline or shipping for mass flow rates of 5 (high end) to 40 (low end) MtCO₂ yr^-1.
Geological storage a	0.5-8 US$/tCO₂ net injected	Excluding potential revenues from EOR or ECBM.
Geological storage: monitoring and verification	0.1-0.3 US$/tCO₂ injected	This covers pre-injection, injection, and post-injection monitoring, and depends on the regulatory requirements.
Ocean storage	5-30 US$/tCO₂ net injected	Including offshore transportation of 100-500 km, excluding monitoring and verification.
Mineral carbonation	50-100 US$/tCO₂ net mineralized	Range for the best case studied. Includes additional energy use for carbonation.